Bromination of Dihydroxybenzotropolone-carboxylic Acid

Carboxylic Acid Production

Carboxylic acids are central compounds in cellular metabolism, and in the carbon cycle in nature. Carbon dioxide is captured from the atmosphere and enters living cells through the formation of carboxylic groups, and it is released from living cells by the decarboxylation of carboxylic acids. The aerobic extraction of free energy from sugars in cellular respiration hinges on the ingeniously des...

Detection of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid.

Reductions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Reductions of carboxylic acid derivatives might be expected to lead either to aldehydes or alcohols, functional groups having a lower oxidation state of the carboxyl carbon. that carboxylic acids themselves are reduced to alcohols by lithium aluminum hydride. At this point it will be useful to consider three kinds of reductions: (i) catalytic hydrogenation (ii) complex metal hydride reductions ...

3β-Hydroxy­friedelan-17β-carboxylic acid

The title compound, C(30)H(50)O(3), which was isolated from a marine endophytic fungus, is a new friedelan derivative. The mol-ecule contains five six-membered rings, which exhibit boat (ring A), distorted boat (ring B) and chair (rings C-E) conformations. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which link neighbouring mol-ecules into 12-membered rings.

4′-Hydroxy­biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid

The title compound, C(13)H(10)O(3), has potential oxygen donor and acceptor sites. Inter-molecular hydrogen bonding between neighboring carboxyl-ate groups leads to the formation of hydrogen-bonded dimers [graph-set motif R(2) (2)(8)]. A second hydrogen-bonding inter-action between the hydr-oxy groups generates a chain and extends the structure into a lamellar layer. One of the benzene rings is...